Status: Finalised
First registered on:
16/02/2015
Last updated on:
26/02/2019
1. Study identification
EU PAS Register NumberEUPAS8618
Official titleLamotrigine use in Pregnancy and Risk of Orofacial Clefts II
Study title acronym
Study typeOther: Case-malformed control study
Brief description of the studyFollowing a US Federal Drugs Agency alert in 2006 concerning an increased risk of orofacial cleft associated with first trimester exposure to the new anti-epileptic drug (AED) lamotrigine, the EUROCAT AED database was created in 2007 to evaluate this signal using EUROCAT data. The original database included data from 19 registries covering a population of 4 million births, 1995-2005. The database was used to conduct a case-control study evaluating the risk of orofacial clefts in relation to lamotrigine exposure. The study found no evidence of a specific increased risk of isolated orofacial clefts relative to other malformations due to lamotrigine monotherapy.
In order to estimate the risk of orofacial clefts relative to other malformations more precisely and to explore whether lamotrigine exposure may be associated with other malformations, a follow-up study was commissioned. This involved 5 yearly updates (2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013). The final study included data from 21 registries and covered over 10 million births. No evidence of an increased risk of orofacial clefts relative to other malformations associated with lamotrigine exposure in the first trimester was found.
Was this study requested by a regulator?No
Is the study required by a Risk Management Plan (RMP)?
Not applicable
Regulatory procedure number (RMP Category 1 and 2 studies only)
Other study registration identification numbers and URLs as applicable
2. Research centres and Investigator details
Coordinating study entity
Department/Research groupCentre for Maternal, Fetal and Infant Research
Organisation/affiliationUniversity of Ulster
Details of (Primary) lead investigator
Title Professor
Last name Dolk
First name Helen
Is this study being carried out with the collaboration of a research network?
Yes
EUROmediCAT
Other centres where this study is being conducted
Not applicable (single centre)
Countries in which this study is being conducted
International study
Belgium
Croatia
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Ireland
Italy
Malta
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
3. Study timelines: initial administrative steps, progress reports and final report
PlannedActual
Date when funding contract was signed07/05/2009
Start date of data collection17/08/2009
Start date of data analysis29/10/2009
Date of interim report, if expected
Date of final study report15/03/201515/03/2015
4. Sources of funding
Please provide estimates of the percentage of funding by source for this study
Names(s)Approximate % funding
Pharmaceutical companiesGSK50
Charities
Government body
Research councils
EU funding schemeDG Sanco50
5. Contact details for enquiries
Scientific Enquiries
Title Professor
Last name Dolk
First name Helen
Address line 1Shore Rd
Address line 2
Address line 3
CityNewtownabbey
PostcodeBT370QB
CountryUnited Kingdom
Phone number (incl. country code)442890368540
Alternative phone number
Fax number (incl. country code)442890368341
Public Enquiries
Title Professor
Last name Dolk
First name Helen
Address line 1Shore Rd
Address line 2
Address line 3
CityNewtownabbey
PostcodeBT370QB
CountryUnited Kingdom
Phone number (incl. country code)442890368540
Alternative phone number
Fax number (incl. country code)442890368341
6. Study drug(s) information
Substance class (ATC Code)N03AX09 (lamotrigine)
7. Medical conditions to be studied
Medical condition(s)Yes
Cleft lip and palate
Cleft palate
8. Population under study
Age
Preterm newborns
Term newborns (0-27 days)
Infants and toddlers (28 days - 23 months)
Sex
Male
Female
Other population
Pregnant women
9. Number of subjects
Estimated total number of subjects10061059
Additional information
The study population covered over 10 million births in 21 EUROCAT population-based registries, 1995-2011.
Cases were 14,027 non-syndromic orofacial cleft (OC) registrations, of whom 11,632 were isolated; and 5,398 cleft palate (CP) of whom 4,240 were isolated CP.
Controls were 183,921 non-chromosomal, non-OC registrations.
10. Source of data
Is this study being carried out with an established data source?Yes
Data sources registered with ENCePP
Sources of data
Disease/case registry
11. Scope of the study
What is the scope of the study?
Risk assessment
Primary scope : Risk assessment
12. Main objective(s)
What is the main objective of the study?
To investigate more precisely whether first trimester exposure to lamotrigine (LTG) monotherapy is specifically associated with an increased risk of orofacial clefts (OCs) relative to other malformations, in a follow-up study involving 5 yearly updates (2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013).
Are there primary outcomes?Yes
Odds of lamotrigine exposure among OC registrations (cases) was compared with the odds of lamotrigine exposure among malformed non-OC registrations (controls).
Are there secondary outcomes?Yes
Explore whether lamotrigine exposure may be associated with other malformations, and in particularly, assess independent evidence for the association with club foot signalled in the original study.
13. Study design
What is the design of the study?
case-malformed control study
14. Follow-up of patients
Will patients be followed up?Not applicable/no follow-up
15. Data analysis plan
Please provide a brief summary of the analysis method
Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated as well as ORs adjusted for maternal age, and adjusted for registry
16. ENCePP seal
Are you requesting the ENCePP seal for this study?
No
17. Full protocol
Not submitted
18. Study Results
Not submitted
Please list the 5 most relevant publications using data from your study
ReferenceLink to web-publication
1 Dolk H, Wang H, Loane M, Morris J, Garne E, Addor MC, Arriola L, Bakker M,
Barisic I, Doray B, Gatt M, Kallen K, Khoshnood B, Klungsoyr K, Lahesmaa-Korpinen
AM, Latos-Bielenska A, Mejnartowicz JP, Nelen V, Neville A, O'Mahony M, Pierini
A, Rißmann A, Tucker D, Wellesley D, Wiesel A, de Jong-van den Berg LT.
Lamotrigine use in pregnancy and risk of orofacial cleft and other congenital
anomalies. Neurology. 2016 May 3;86(18):1716-25. doi:
10.1212/WNL.0000000000002540. Epub 2016 Apr 6. PubMed PMID: 27053714; PubMed
Central PMCID: PMC4854591.
2. Dolk H, Jentink J, Loane M, Morris J, de Jong-van den Berg
LTW and the EUROCAT Antiepileptic Drug Working Group.
Does lamotrigine use in pregnancy increase orofacial cleft risk relative to other malformations? Neurology 2008; 71: 714-722.
2 Janneke Jentink, Maria A Loane, Helen Dolk, Ingeborg Barisic, Ester Garne, Joan K Morris and Lolkje TW de Jong-van den Berg for the EUROCAT Antiepileptic Drug Working Group.
Valproic acid monotherapy exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of specific birth defects. N Engl J Med. 2010 Jun 0;362(23):2185-93.
3 Janneke Jentink, Helen Dolk, Maria Loane, Joan K Morris and
Lolkje TW de Jong-van den Berg for the EUROCAT Antiepileptic Drug Working Group. Carbamazepine monotherapy exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of specific birth defects BMJ BMJ. 2010 Dec 2;341:c6581.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.c6581.
19. Other relevant documents
Conflict(s) of interest of
investigator(s)Not submitted
Composition of Steering Group and
ObserversNot submitted
Other documentsNot
submitted
Signed Code of
Conduct Checklist
Not submitted
Signed Code of Conduct Declaration
Not submitted
Signed Checklist for Study
Protocols
Not submitted
